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Clausen function : ウィキペディア英語版
Clausen function

In mathematics, the Clausen function - introduced by - is a transcendental, special function of a single variable. It can variously be expressed in the form of a definite integral, a trigonometric series, and various other special functions. It is intimately connected with the Polylogarithm, Inverse tangent integral, Polygamma function, Riemann Zeta function, Dirichlet eta function, and Dirichlet beta function.
The Clausen function of order 2 - often referred to as ''the'' Clausen function, despite being but one of a class of many - is given by the integral:
:\operatorname_2(\varphi)=-\int_0^ \log\Bigg|2\sin\frac \Bigg|\, dx:
In the range :0 < \varphi < 2\pi\, the Sine function inside the absolute value sign remains strictly positive, so the absolute value signs may be omitted. The Clausen function also has the Fourier series representation:
:\operatorname_2(\varphi)=\sum_^\frac = \sin\varphi +\frac+\frac+\frac+ \, \cdots
The Clausen functions - as a class of functions - feature extensively in many areas of modern mathematical research, particularly in relation to the evaluation of many classes of logarithmic and Polylogarithmic integrals, both definite and indefinite. They also have numerous applications with regard to the summation of Hypergeometric series, summations involving the inverse of the central binomial coefficient, sums of the Polygamma function, and Dirichlet L-series.
==Basic properties==

The Clausen function (of order 2) has simple zeros at all (integer) multiples of :\pi, \, since if :k\in \mathbb \, is an integer, :\sin k\pi=0
:\text_2(m\pi) =0, \quad m= 0,\, \pm 1,\, \pm 2,\, \pm 3,\, \cdots
It has maxima at :\theta = \frac+2m\pi \quad()
:\text_2\left(\frac+2m\pi \right) =1.01494160 \cdots
and minima at :\theta = -\frac+2m\pi \quad()
:\text_2\left(-\frac+2m\pi \right) =-1.01494160 \cdots
The following properties are immediate consequences of the series definition:
:\text_2(\theta+2m\pi) = \text_2(\theta)
:\text_2(-\theta) = -\text_2(\theta)
(Ref: See Lu and Perez, 1992, below for these results - although no proofs are given).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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